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Algorithms Tutorial

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This “Algorithms Tutorial” is like a helpful guide for people who want to get better at solving problems and thinking logically. It covers the basic ideas of algorithms, like how to create them, analyze them, and make them work better. By using this tutorial, you can learn smart ways to solve tricky problems, make your algorithms work faster, and boost your programming skills.

What is Algorithm?

What is an Algorithm?

The word Algorithm means “A set of rules to be followed in calculations or other problem-solving operations” Or “A procedure for solving a mathematical problem in a finite number of steps“.

An algorithm is a step-by-step procedure to solve a problem. A good algorithm should be optimized in terms of time and space. Different types of problems require different types of algorithmic techniques to be solved in the most optimized manner.

Characteristics of an Algorithm:

An algorithm must have the following characteristics:

  • Clear and Unambiguous: The algorithm should be unambiguous. Each of its steps should be clear in all aspects and must lead to only one meaning.
  • Well-Defined Inputs: If an algorithm says to take inputs, it should be well-defined inputs. It may or may not take input.
  • Well-Defined Outputs: The algorithm must clearly define what output will be yielded and it should be well-defined as well. It should produce at least 1 output.
  • Finite-ness: The algorithm must be finite, i.e. it should terminate after a finite time.
  • Feasible: The algorithm must be simple, generic, and practical, such that it can be executed with the available resources. It must not contain some future technology or anything.
  • Language Independent: The Algorithm designed must be language-independent, i.e. it must be just plain instructions that can be implemented in any language, and yet the output will be the same, as expected.

Properties of an Algorithm:

  • It should terminate after a finite time.
  • It should produce at least one output.
  • It should take zero or more input.
  • It should be deterministic means giving the same output for the same input case.
  • Every step in the algorithm must be effective i.e. every step should do some work.

Advantages of Algorithms:

  • It is easy to understand.
  • An algorithm is a step-wise representation of a solution to a given problem.
  • In an Algorithm the problem is broken down into smaller pieces or steps hence, it is easier for the programmer to convert it into an actual program.

Disadvantages of Algorithms:

  • Writing an algorithm takes a long time so it is time-consuming.
  • Understanding complex logic through algorithms can be very difficult.
  • Branching and Looping statements are difficult to show in Algorithms.

Introduction to Algorithms:

Analysis of Algorithms:

Searching and Sorting:

Greedy Algorithms:

Dynamic Programming:

Pattern Searching:

Backtracking:

Divide and Conquer:

Geometric Algorithm:

Mathematical Algorithms:

Bitwise Algorithms:

Graph Algorithms:

Randomized Algorithms:

Branch and Bound:

Quizzes:



Last Updated : 29 Mar, 2024
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